20世纪初东北叙事文学话语的现代形态和意义

20世纪初的东北文学叙事话语的现代性,体现在对近现代国家的体认、对现代社会的认知,以及对现代文学的趋赴。在文学中体现出的国家观念,仍旧徘徊于旧的封贡体系中,近现代民族国家意识缺位,滞后于国际政治体系的变化。这使得其时的东北叙事文学中出现了两类独具时代特色的内容,一是外国政史小说的书写,一是"外国"世情小说创作。在其时的文学镜像中,城市文明呈现的是一种失衡、倾斜的形象,在从旧文化向新文化攀升的艰难行程中,来自旧时代的写手似乎更多地关注和记录了它转型中丑陋的足迹。在文学性方面,则表现出对现代文学的趋赴,内容上从教谕文学、游戏文学转向对人生的写实,篇章结构从说话体、笔记体的框制中挣脱出来,书写日常生活、人物和风景,逐步建设以呈现人生为追求的现代文学。     

‘Making narrative portraits: a methodological approach to analysing qualitative data’

ABSTRACT

This paper proposes the method of ‘narrative portraiture’, which, located within the wider field of narrative studies, offers an analytical tool to narrative data. Two research projects, one on disability and one on identity, are used to illustrate how the method can be applied. While the paper will focus on the methodological benefits and limitations of the approach, throughout the article we also highlight the ethical concern of representation. We suggest that through ‘narrative portraiture’ research findings can be contextualised in broader social narratives without losing sight of the unique personal qualities of the research encounter. Thus, we argue for the importance of bringing the participant and their everyday life experience into focus, highlighting that a portrayal of a sole story can be, not only a medium to understand a research phenomenon, but also a valuable research output in itself.     

Narrative persuasion,identification, attitudes,and trustworthiness in crisis communication

The purpose of this study is to test the effects of narratives in crisis communication. This research assesses how organizations benefit from using stories in their media responses, relative to sharing nonnarrative information. The theory of crisis response narratives (Heath, 2004) holds that ethical narratives are effective because they enhance trustworthiness, attitudes toward the spokesperson, and identification with the spokesperson. Normative crisis communication theory exhorts disclosing truthful information rather than spinning. In an online experiment, participants (N = 365) watched a news interview in which a scandalized company’s spokesperson responded to a journalist’s questions with (a) ethical narratives, (b) unethical (spin) narratives, or (c) nonnarrative information. Multiple mediator modeling assessed identification with the spokesperson, attitudes toward the spokesperson, and perceived trustworthiness of the spokesperson. Results indicate ethical narratives are more effective than unethical narratives. However, nonnarrative information most effectively enhances trustworthiness and bolsters identification.     

学校心理健康教育在学科教学中的渗透策略

在学科教学中渗透心理健康教育是学校心理健康教育的基本途径,本文在阐述学科教学中渗透心理健康教育必要性的基础上,具体提出相关的渗透策略。     

Narratives of life experience in the digital space: a case study of the images in Richard Deitsch’s single best moment project†

ABSTRACT

On 8 July 2013, Sports Illustrated media critic Richard Deitsch – inspired by a photo that captured a friend celebrating with a brother who had won the NCAA Hockey Championships – asked his 90,000-plus Twitter followers if they had the best moment of their life captured in a photograph. Deitsch retweeted the initial pictures, which prompted many more people to send out photos of their favorite moments. Many of his followers shared photos of some of their most intimate moments, leading CNN to call Deitsch ‘the sportswriter who made Twitter cry’ [Mendoza, D. (2013, July 11). The sportswriter who made Twitter cry. CNN. Retrieved December 11, 2013, from http://www.cnn.com/2013/07/11/tech/storify-best-moments/.s]. Through a thematic examination of 314 photos shared in the Deitsch exchange, the authors reveal that an overwhelming number of images are identified as milestone moments, or narratives of life experience, which denotes that as communication platforms evolve and technologies offer different modes of expression, users are still selecting narrative structure to disseminate their messages.     

How do I get my way? A meta-analytic review of research on influence tactics

Despite considerable research investigating the role of influence tactics on work-related outcomes in organizations, consensus on the effectiveness of influence tactics has been elusive. Specifically, there is a lack of integration concerning the relationships between proactive influence tactics and their outcomes. We investigate the effectiveness of 11 influence tactics from a comprehensive perspective using meta-analytic techniques. In particular, the current study focuses on relationships between each of the 11 influence tactics (i.e., rational persuasion, exchange, inspirational appeal, legitimating, apprising, pressure, collaboration, ingratiation, consultation, personal appeals, and coalition) and task- and relations-oriented outcomes. In addition, we investigate the moderating effects of the direction of influence tactics, measurement of influence tactics, singular influence tactic (versus use of a combination of influence tactics), independence of data sources, and study setting involved in the study. Regardless of task- and relations-oriented outcomes, based on 49 independent samples (N = 8987), our results show positive relationships between outcomes and rational persuasion, inspirational appeal, apprising, collaboration, ingratiation, consultation, and a negative relationship between pressure and outcomes. Rational persuasion is the only tactic which held stable positive relationships with both categories of outcomes regardless of moderating factors. Implications and directions for future research in the area of influence tactics are discussed.     

组织间信任:收益机制、情境限制及调节策略

在以往研究中，人们通常接受这样的假定：组织间信任必然会给组织与外部的交易带来正向收益。然而，组织间信任对交易收益也可能会产生组织不希望出现的负面影响。为此，我们重新审视了这一假说并发展了更为全面的理论框架来解释这一内部机制。首先，文章探讨组织间信任的内涵要素，进而分析组织间信任中计算性成分与非计算性成分的不同组合对交易收益的作用机制，从逻辑上推演出组织间信任与交易收益之间存在一种倒U型的关系；其次，提出两个重要的情境因素即信任的非对称性和环境的不确定性，讨论它们分别对上述倒U型关系的负向调节作用；再者，提出一组能够应对不同情境限制而同时仍然可增进或保持有益交易结果的调节策略；最后，讨论本研究的启示和未来研究可能的方向。     

How to conduct a Narrative Policy Framework study

The Narrative Policy Framework has a growing number of researchers seeking to apply the framework in policy process scholarship. This article is intended to assist those interested in conducting an NPF study that is ‘clear enough to be wrong’ (Sabatier, 2000). While graduate programs offer critical methodological training, this article focuses on the specific application of the NPF to research inquiries about the role of policy narratives in the policy process. We approach our discussion by examining various decisions in the research process and include a detailed discussion of specifying the model and obtaining narrative data. We also point out areas for further investigation.     

儒家礼仁之治施政方略的主要命题及其思维方式——以《五经正义》为典型个案

刚柔并济、礼乐相须、仁义相成、德刑相辅、宽猛相济、劳逸相参等命题,共同构成了《五经正义》礼仁之治施政方略的主要内容,相关政治范畴也构成阴阳互补、刚柔并济的关系。这就在维护尊卑贵贱的前提下,以张扬"仁义"的形式,囊括了包括刚克、猛政、严刑、役使在内的各种统治手段,并为政策选择上的灵活性提供了理论指导。在评说儒家的"仁政"、"合和"时,必须充分注意到这一点,否则就难免导出皮毛之论。     

汉语新词语现状及共管理策略刍议

语言是随着经济、社会、文化的发展而不断发展的。我们所处的时代瞬息万变，汉语新词语不断涌现。对此，学界存在着或否定或欢迎等不同态度。我们认为，吐故纳新是汉语的一大特性，我们应坚持开放宽容而又积极规范的态度，一方面大胆包容新词语不断出现的现象，一方面采取一定的措施加强语言的规范管理，处理好语言共性与个性的关系，使汉语发展既保持稳定性又富于创造性。